As a painter, it is important for me to address the concerns of painting—what has been done—and what can I add to this. My work on aluminum is an attempt to use the qualities of refracted light, and to have these qualities interact with the painting. The completed image is produced both by refracted light, created by the use of various wire brushes; and paint, airbrushed in transparent layers. Within this process about half the image is produced by refracted light alone, simulating paint and about half by paint. The dual concerns of working with simulation: refracted light simulating paint, and hybridization: the use of aluminum, wire brushes, and paint; are an attempt to create an image working within some kind of context that is post-modern-and I use that term simply to mean after modern rather than against modern.